The Anatomy of the Eye
The Anatomy and functions of the eye:
Your eye is a slightly asymmetrical globe, about an inch in diameter. The front part (what you see in the mirror) Includes:
- Iris: The coloured part
- Cornea: A clear dome over the iris
- Pupil: The black circular opening in the iris that lets light in
- Sclera: The white of your eye
- Conjunctiva: A thin layer of tissue that covers the entire front of your eye, expect for the cornea
- Just behind the iris and pupil lies the lens, which helps focus light on the back of your eye. Most of the eye is filled with a clear gel called the vitreous. Light projects through your pupil and lens to the back of the eye. The inside lining of the eye is covered by special light-sensing cells that are collectively called the retina. It converts light into electrical impulses. Behind the eye, your optic nerve carries there impulses to the brain. The macula is a small extra-sensitive area in the retina that gives you central vision.
- Eye colour us created by the amount and type of pigment in your iris. Multiple genes inherited from each parent determine a person’s eye colour.
The Eyelid:
The eyelids are thin, mobile folds that cover the eyeball anteriorly. They offer protection from excessive light or injury and maintain lubrication by distributing tears over the surface of the eyeball.
The eyelids are split into upper and lower portions which meet at the medial and lateral canthi of the eye. The opening between the two eyelids is called palpebral aperture or opening.